BANKING | OCC Finds 9 Largest U.S. Banks Policies Linked to Debanking, Including Crypto Businesses

The U.S. Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (OCC) has said that all nine of the largest national banks it supervises maintained policies between 2020 and September 2025 that could have restricted customers’ access to financial services based on political or religious beliefs or lawful business activities.

The findings followed a supervisory review of

• JPMorgan Chase,
• Bank of America,
• Citibank,
• Wells Fargo,
• U.S. Bank,
• Capital One,
• PNC Bank,
• TD Bank, and
• BMO Bank,

conducted under President Donald Trump’s executive order on fair access to banking.

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The OCC said banks used broad reputational-risk policies without clear standards or objective, risk-based criteria, potentially disadvantaging customers based on their political, religious or social views, and lawful business activities.

The review also identified public and internal policies restricting access to banking services for businesses in several sectors, including oil and gas, coal, firearms, detention facilities, tobacco and e-cigarettes, and digital assets.

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