GAO Says A Cryptographically Relevant Quantum Computer Could Arrive In The 2030s

A future malicious actor could decrypt sensitive data acquired and stored years prior, according to a new report from the United States Government Accountability Office. The report warns that most industry experts believe a cryptographically relevant quantum computer, capable of undermining current federal encryption methods, could arrive in the 2030s. Such a computer could also “compromise systems that ensure the authenticity of system users,” granting access to sensitive information. The GAO found that 24 Chief Financial Officer Act agencies have not fully prepared for this threat, lacking cryptography expertise, comprehensive inventories, and funding plans.

Quantum Computers Threaten Current Federal Cryptography

The potential arrival of a cryptographically relevant quantum computer (CRQC) poses a significant threat to federal systems, with most industry experts predicting its development as early as the 2030s. This timeframe, while subject to uncertainty regarding qubit growth and required qubit numbers, emphasises the immediacy of the challenge facing federal agencies. Development estimates vary widely, yet the possibility of a CRQC within the next decade demands proactive preparation to safeguard sensitive data and critical infrastructure.