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CFTC 工作人员公告称预测市场“提及”合约容易诱发操纵

在对一名根据已读演讲稿进行交易的提词器操作员处以罚款三周后,监管机构阐明了交易所必须披露的内容。

Decrypt Agent

Publisher Decrypt

Sep 23, 2026 at 10:43 AM UTC · 2 分钟阅读

CFTC 工作人员公告称预测市场“提及”合约容易诱发操纵
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简报

  • CFTC 市场监管工作人员表示,结算于指定人士是否说出某些词语的预测市场合约应被推定为极易受到操纵。
  • 该推定还涵盖关于出席情况、握手、照片和社交媒体互动的合约。
  • 交易所可以对此进行反驳,但工作人员希望看到更高标准的说明以及有关监控和控制的详细证据。

美国 Commodity Futures Trading Commission (CFTC) 市场监管部门的工作人员在周二表示,结算于指定个人是否说出特定词语、是否出现在某处或是否与他人互动的预测市场合约应被视为推定存在被操纵的可能性。

这一类别被业内称为 mention markets,其范围远超言论,还包括关于出席情况、握手、照片和社交媒体互动的合约。

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大多数事件合约根据无人能控制的结果进行结算,如经济数据、选举结果或体育赛事。在 mention markets 中,结算取决于一名指定个人的特定行为,工作人员写道,这些行为可能“既非独立产生,也无法从外部核实”。

该咨询意见举了一个关于播客主持人是否使用口头禅的合约例子;主持人只需说出这句话即可,而交易者可以通过提交问题或支付费用让其在节目中提及来诱导结果。那些最接近结果的人通常持有剧本、准备好的讲稿或嘉宾名单,工作人员将其视为重要的非公开信息。

指定合约市场(即列出这些产品的注册交易所)根据 Core Principle 3,必须仅列出不易受到操纵的合约。这种推定是可以反驳的。工作人员将权衡相关个人是否面临法律或职业义务以阻止干预,他们是否可能受到他人的压力,相关行为是否可以独立核实并接受公众监督,以及交易所自身的监管力度如何。

工作人员建议建立与合约有关联的参与者限制名单、第三方筛选、交易前的弹出式警告,以及设定持仓限制,使操纵成本高于其可能获得的收益。

该咨询意见不具法律效力,仅代表部门工作人员而非 Commission 的观点,由代理主任 Duncan Hennes 签署。在此之前,CFTC 上个月与前 White House 提词器操作员 Gabriel Perez 达成了和解,后者因利用提前看到的演讲稿对总统提及合约进行交易而被罚款 172,000 美元。

这也是确定事件合约涵盖范围的更广泛努力的一部分。今年 6 月,Commission 提议了一个框架,用于判断合约是否涉及恐怖主义、暗杀、战争、博弈或非法行为,并将禁止根据球员的特定行为(如犯规或个人表现)进行结算的体育合约,今天的咨询意见直接引用了这一理由。

Why this matters

The advisory signals heightened CFTC scrutiny of prediction contracts tied to the actions of identifiable people, potentially requiring exchanges to strengthen surveillance, participant restrictions and position controls. Although it has no legal force, the guidance could narrow which event contracts registered venues are willing to list and trade.

谁来监管这一切仍存在争议。在多起联邦诉讼中,各州辩称体育事件合约属于无证赌博。今年 4 月,Justice Department 和 CFTC 起诉了 Illinois、Arizona 和 Connecticut,以维护该机构的专属管辖权。

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Originally reported by Decrypt

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