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Crypto·Policy
External Reporting发布于 38 分钟前

Bitcoin Q2 抛售引发华尔街分歧:银行买入、对冲基金减仓、主权机构持仓不动

Bitcoin 第二季度的抛售令华尔街产生分歧:银行买入、对冲基金减仓、主权机构则持仓不动 — CryptoSlate

Bitcoin Q2 抛售引发华尔街分歧:银行买入、对冲基金减仓、主权机构持仓不动
Publisher CryptoSlate 6 分钟阅读
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比特币在第二季度下跌了 14.2%,而机构比特币 ETF 持有量在同期增长了 7.5%,从 498,389 增长到 535,723 BTC 等效值。推动这一增长的机构数量有所减少,通过 13F 文件报告比特币头寸的机构数量下降了约 6.8%,从约 2,000 家降至约 1,900 家。

这些数据是 Bitcoin Strategy 的第二季度预测,基于 SEC 收集但本身并不以这种方式汇总的公开 13F 文件。

CoinShares 使用其对上一季度的分析方法,统计出专业 13F 报备者仅持有 261,000 BTC。它将美国交易的现货比特币 ETF 资产的专业份额定为 20.8%,远低于 Bitcoin Strategy 的 44.2% 的数据。

这两个统计数字之间的差距表明,头条数据在很大程度上取决于哪些报备者和产品被纳入统计。

指标第一季度 / 之前水平第二季度水平变化为什么重要
比特币价格——-14.2%ETF 所有权在下跌期间上升
机构 BTC 等效 ETF 持有量498,389 BTC535,723 BTC+7.5%更少的报备者控制了更多的 ETF 比特币
报告比特币头寸的机构~2,000~1,900-6.8%所有权变得更加集中
ETF 比特币的机构份额38.4%44.2%+5.8 pts头条采用数据有所改善
CoinShares 第一季度专业机构统计—261,000 BTC—表明方法论可以彻底改变总额

建立比特币头寸的银行和量化机构

JPMorgan 报告的普通 IBIT 头寸在本季度增长了 25.35%,从 8,302,691 股增加到 10,407,635 股,按 6 月 30 日的报备价格计算,价值约 3.557 亿美元。

这是整个轮次中比较清晰的大型银行对比之一,因为它衡量的是普通股对普通股,没有计入衍生品或其他风险敞口。

这并不能确定 JPMorgan 在比特币价格上进行了 3.56 亿美元的押注,因为综合银行的 13F 可以反映客户账户、套期保值或分布在多个交易台的风险敞口。

Renaissance Technologies 在知名管理机构中录得最显著的百分比增幅,将其普通的 IBIT 头寸增加了三倍多,从约 340,000 股增至 1,403,942 股,增幅达 312.92%,到季度末价值约 4,670 万美元。

长期持有的持有者可能占据最重要的分量

几家主要的配置机构在收盘时几乎没有变动,这种不作为可能比大幅的百分比波动具有更大的分量。

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Mubadala Investment Company 的 IBIT 头寸保持不变,为 14,721,917 股,季度末价值约 4.901 亿美元,与三个月前的持股数一致。Harvard Management 报告的 3,044,612 股没有变化,Fortress Investment Group 持有的 1,325,000 股也保持稳定。

Abu Dhabi Investment Council 的头寸也接近持平,为 8,218,712 股,价值约 2.736 亿美元。

在比特币下跌 14.2% 的季度中坚持持有某一头寸,其表现与战术型管理机构在同一报备文件中其他地方做出的波动截然不同,即使这不足以证明其具有永久性的信念。

战术性比特币减持者削减了什么

Brevan Howard 的普通 IBIT 头寸在本季度下降了 70.36%,从 24,304,788 股降至 7,205,004 股。单看这一点,这似乎是整个轮次中最清晰的看跌信号之一。

但同一份报备文件使这种解读变得复杂。Brevan Howard 还报告了与约 723 万股标的股票挂钩的 IBIT 看涨期权,以及与约 527 万股挂钩的看跌期权,这支持了比单纯看跌交易更狭隘的结论。

如 13F 所示,Brevan Howard 削减了其大部分普通 IBIT 股票,尽管它是否完全退出了比特币,这是报备文件本身无法回答的另一个问题。

Citadel 的报备文件也提出了同样的问题。其普通 IBIT 头寸下降了 59.66% 至 514,614 股,但在旁边的期权账目前显得微不足道:与约 2,465 万股标的股票挂钩的看涨期权,以及与约 1,786 万股挂钩的看跌期权。

将该报备文件定性为单纯的看跌比特币交易,将意味着忽略了该头寸的大部分内容。

Macquarie 的普通 IBIT 头寸也下降了 61.78%,至 1,581,934 股,价值约 5,270 万美元。Macquarie 还充当授权参与者,能够创建和赎回 IBIT 股票,这种基础设施角色使得解读 Jane Street 的报备文件变得复杂。

持有者第二季度 IBIT 普通股环比变动分类清晰解读
JPMorgan10,407,635+25.35%建设者 / 银行报告的普通股头寸增加
Renaissance Technologies1,403,942+312.92%建设者 / 量化机构大幅百分比增长
Mubadala14,721,9170%长期持有的主权基金在下跌期间坚持持有
Harvard Management3,044,6120%长期持有的捐赠基金未报告减持
Fortress Investment Group1,325,0000%长期持有者头寸保持持平
Brevan Howard7,205,004-70.36%战术性减持者削减了普通股,但期权使风险敞口复杂化
Citadel514,614-59.66%战术性 / 市场基础设施普通股下降,期权账目占据主导
Macquarie1,581,934-61.78%战术性 / 与 AP 相关削减了普通股,但授权参与者 (AP) 身份很重要

为什么 Jane Street 的十亿美元头寸解读不同

Jane Street 报告的 IBIT 头寸从第一季度的 5,872,212 股反弹至第二季度的 24,878,191 股,季度末价值约 8.282 亿美元。从表面上看,这将是整个报备季中最大的比特币方向性押注之一。

Jane Street 也被列在 BlackRock 的 IBIT 授权参与者名单中,这些公司负责创建和赎回 ETF 份额,以使基金价格与它所持有的标的比特币保持一致。

对于担任该角色的公司而言,季度末的库存更多反映的是做市和对冲,而非任何方向性的观点。Jane Street 自己的报备文件显示,在看涨和看跌期权方面,分别有与约 3,400 万股和 3,480 万股标的股票挂钩的期权。

这种组合读起来更像是 ETF 的基础设施运作,而不是看涨押注。

每份 13F 文件对 ETF 份额的处理方式都是一样的,无论它是属于一个连续两个季度持股不动的主权财富基金,还是一个每天循环库存的做市商。

这些是意义迥异的所有者,将他们混为一谈算入机构总额中,掩盖了倾向于在下跌中坚持的需求与倾向于在其中进行交易的需求之间的区别。

什么决定了长期持有基础是否会增长

看涨的情况是,第二季度的沉静持有者在第三季度保持沉静或继续增持,而银行和财富平台继续与他们一起建立头寸,且机构报备者的数量趋于稳定。

如果主权基金、捐赠基金和咨询平台的所有权继续扩大,同时现货 ETF 的资金流入持续转正,那么在下一次低迷期间,比特币的机构流通量将开始显得真正不具反射性。

看跌的情况是,头条机构数据保持强劲的原因与持久需求关系不大,主要受交易公司、期权账目和 ETF 基础设施的驱动,这些因素主导了每个季度末的快照。

关注信号看涨情境解读看跌情境解读
长期持有者头寸主权基金、捐赠基金和长期配置者继续持有或再次增持他们保持持平但未扩张
银行和财富平台报备来自银行、RIA 和咨询平台的更多普通股增长增长主要来自交易部门
做市商头寸大量库存显然仍与 ETF 流动性提供相关头条所有权增长由 ETF 基础设施主导
期权敞口支持围绕核心头寸的对冲远超普通股并使方向性解读模糊化
报备者数量在第二季度下降后趋于稳定或回升随着集中度上升而继续下降
现货 ETF 资金流持续的资金流入证实了持久的需求波动的资金流表明是季度末的调仓而非信念

长期持有者依然存在但未扩大头寸,而下一次真正的下跌将揭示第二季度的机构总额中有多少一直更接近于库存而非信念。

比特币的第二季度报备显示,机构持有者群体已经分裂为旨在长期留守的持有者和旨在交易的持有者。当下一次比特币在一个季度内下跌 14% 时,只有其中一组群体能说明问题。

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